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Ten
Years of Reactions
The AP Chemistry Examination required
students to write equations for 5 reactions choosen from a list of 8 options
. The reactions and equations for this question from 1988 to
1995 are identified below. This information is reproduced from the
handouts available at
http://www.shs.nebo.edu/Faculty/Haderlie/apchem/apchem.html
The data were compiled by Steven Haderlie,
a faculty member at Springville High School, Springville, Utah and are
used with permission. His compilation stops with the 1995 examination.
YEAR
REACTIONS
EQUATIONS
1995
(a) Ethanol is burned in oxygen.
(b) Solid barium oxide is added to distilled water.
(c) Chlorine gas is bubbled into a cold, dilute solution of potassium
hydroxide.
(d) A solution of iron(II) nitrate is exposed to air for an extended
period of time.
(e) Excess concentrated sulfuric acid is added to solid calcium phosphate.
(f) Hydrogen sulfide gas is bubbled into a solution of mercury(II)
chloride.
(g) Solid calcium hydride is added to distilled water.
(h) A bar of zinc metal is immersed in a solution of copper(II) sulfate.
(a) C2H5OH + O2 --> CO2 +
H2O
(b) BaO + H2O --> Ba2+ + OH-
(c) Cl2 + OH- --> Cl- + ClO-
+ (H2O)
(d) Fe2+ + O2 (+ H2O) --> Fe2O3
or
FeO(OH) or Fe(OH)3
(e) H2SO4 + Ca3(PO4)2
--> H3PO4 + CaSO4
(f) H2S + Hg2+ --> HgS + H+ or H2S
+ HgCl2 --> HgS + H+ + Cl-
(g) CaH2 + H2O --> Ca2+ + OH-
(or Ca(OH)2) + H2
(h) Zn + Cu2+ --> Zn2+ + Cu
1994
(a) Excess sodium cyanide solution is added to a solution of silver
nitrate.
(b) Solutions of manganese(ee) sulfate and ammonium sulfide are mixed.
(c) Phosphorus(v) oxide powder is sprinkled over distilled water.
(d) Solid ammonium carbonate is heated.
(e) Carbon dioxide gas is bubbled through a concentrated solution of
potassium hydroxide.
(f) A concentrated solution of hydrochloric acid is added to solid
potassium permanganate.
(g) A small piece of sodium metal is added to distilled water.
(h) A solution of potassium dichromate is added to an acidified solution
of iron (II) chloride.
(a) CN- + Ag+ --> Ag(CN)2-
(b) Mn+2 + S2- --> MnS
(c) P4O10 (or P2O5) + H2O
--> H3PO4
(d) (NH4)2CO3 --> NH3 +
H2O + CO2
(e) CO2 + OH- --> HCO3-
or CO2 + OH- --> CO32-
(f) H+ + Cl- + KMnO4 --> K+ +
Mn2+ + Cl2 + H2O
(g) Na + H2O --> H2O + Na+ + OH-
(h) Cr2O72- + Fe2+ + H+
-->
Cr3+ + Fe3+ + H2O
1993
(a) A strip of copper is immersed in dilute nitric acid.
(b) Potassium permanganate solution is added to an acidic solution
of hydrogen peroxide.
(c) Concentrated hydrochloric acid is added to solid manganese(II)
sulfide.
(d) Excess chlorine gas is passed over hot iron filings.
(e) Water is added to a sample of solid magnesium nitride.
(f) Excess sulfur dioxide gas is bubbled through a dilute solution
of potassium hydroxide.
(g) Excess concentrated ammonia solution is added to a suspension of
silver chloride.
(h) Solutions of tri-potassium phosphate and zinc nitrate are mixed.
(a) Cu + H+ + NO3- --> Cu2+
+ NO + H2O
(b) MnO4- + H2O2 --> Mn2+
+ O2 + H2O
(c) H+ + MnS --> H2S + Mn2+
(d) Fe + Cl2 --> FeCl3
(e) Mg3N2 + H2O --> Mg(OH)2
+ NH3
(f) SO2 + OH- --> HSO3-
(g) AgCl + NH3 --> Ag(NH3)+ + Cl-
(h) Zn2+ + PO43- --> Zn3(PO4)2
1992
(a) An excess of sodium hydroxide solution is added to a solution of
magnesium nitrate.
(b) Solid lithium hydride is added to water.
(c) Solutions of ammonia and hydrofluoric acid are mixed.
(d) A piece of aluminum metal is added to a solution of silver nitrate.
(e) A solution of potassium iodide is electrolyzed.
(f) Solid potassium oxide is added to water.
(g) An excess of nitric acid solution is added to a solution of tetraamminecopper(II)
sulfate.
(h) Carbon dioxide gas is bubbled through water containing a suspension
of calcium carbonate.
(a) OH- + Mg+2 -----> Mg(OH)2
(b) LiH + H2O -----> Li+ + OH- + H2
(c) NH3 + HF -----> NH4+ + F-
(d) Al + Ag+ -----> Al+3 + Ag
(e) I- + H2O -----> I2 + H2
+ OH-
(f) K2O + H2O -----> K+ + OH-
(g) H+ + Cu(NH3)4+2 ----->
Cu+2 + NH4+
(h) CaCO3 + H2O (or H2CO3)
-----> Ca+2 + HCO3-
1991
(a) Solid aluminum oxide is added to a solution of sodium hydroxide.
(b) Solid calcium oxide is heated in the presence of sulfur trioxide
gas.
(c) Equal volumes of 0.1-molar sulfuric acid and 0.1-molar potassium
hydroxide are mixed.
(d) Calcium metal is heated strongly in nitrogen gas.
(e) Solid copper(II) sulfide is heated strongly in oxygen gas.
(f) A concentrated solution of hydrochloric acid is added to powdered
manganese dioxide and gently heated.
(g) A concentrated solution of ammonia is added to a solution of zinc
iodide.
(h) A solution of copper(II) sulfate is added to a solution of barium
hydroxide.
(a) Al2O3 + OH- -----> Al(OH)4-
(b) CaO + SO3 -----> CaSO4
(c) H+ + OH- -----> H2O
(d) Ca + N2 -----> Ca3N2
(e) CuS + O2 -----> CuO + SO2
(f) H+ + Cl- + MnO2 -----> Mn+2
+ Cl2 + H2O
(g) NH3 + Zn+2 -----> Zn(NH3)4+2
(h) Cu+2 + SO4-2 + Ba+2
+ OH- -----> Cu(OH)2 + BaSO4
1990
(a) Solutions of sodium iodide and lead nitrate are mixed.
(b) A solution of ammonia is added to a solution of ferric chloride.
(c) A solution of hydrogen peroxide is heated.
(d) Solutions of silver nitrate and sodium chromate are mixed.
(e) Hydrogen sulfide gas is bubbled through a solution of potassium
hydroxide.
(f) Solid dinitrogen pentoxide is added to water.
(g) A piece of solid bismuth is heated strongly in oxygen.
(h) A strip of copper metal is added to a concentrated solution of
sulfuric acid.
(a) Pb+2 + 2I- -----> PbI2
(b) Fe+3 + NH3 + H2O -----> Fe(OH)3
+ NH4+
(c) H2O2 -----> H2O + O2
(d) Ag+ + CrO4-2 -----> Ag2CrO4
(e) H2S + OH- -----> HS- + H2O
(f) N2O5 + H2O -----> H+
+ NO3-
(g) Bi + O2 -----> Bi2O3
(h) Cu + H+ + HSO4- -----> Cu+2
+ SO2 + H2O
1989
(a) Solutions of zinc sulfate and sodium phosphate are mixed.
(b) Solutions of silver nitrate and lithium bromide are mixed.
(c) A stream of chorine gas is passed through a solution of cold, dilute
sodium hydroxide.
(d) Excess hydrochloric acid solution is added to a solution of potassium
sulfide.
(e) A solution of tin(II) chloride is added to an acidified solution
of potassium permanganate.
(f) A solution of ammonium thiocyanate is added to a solution of iron(II)
chloride.
(g) Sample of boron trichloride gas and ammonia gas are mixed.
(h) Carbon disulfide vapor is burned in excess oxygen.
(a) Zn+2 + PO4-3 -----> Zn3(PO4)2
(b) Ag+ + Br- -----> AgBr
(c) Cl2 + OH- -----> ClO- + Cl-
+ H2O
(d) H+ + SO3-2 -----> H2O
+ SO2 or H2SO3
(e) Sn+2 + H+ + MnO4- ----->
Sn+4 + Mn+2 + H2O
(f) Fe+3 + SCN- -----> Fe(SCN)+2 or
Fe(SCN)6-3
(g) BCl3 + NH3 -----> Cl3BNH3
(h) CS2 + O2 -----> CO2 + SO2
(or SO3)
1988
(a) A solution of potassium iodide is added to an acidified solution
of potassium dichromate.
(b) A solution of sodium hydroxide is added to a solution of ammonium
chloride.
(c) A strip of magnesium is added to a solution of silver nitrate.
(d) Solid potassium chlorate is heated in the presence of manganese
dioxide as a catalyst.
(e) Dilute hydrochloric acid is added to a solution of potassium carbonate.
(f) Sulfur trioxide gas is added to excess water.
(g) Dilute sulfuric acid is added to a solution of barium chloride.
(h) A concentrated solution of ammonia is added to a solution os copper(II)
chloride.
(a) H+ + I- + Cr2O72-
-----> I2 + Cr+3 + H2O
(b) OH- + NH4+ -----> H2O
+ NH3
(c) Mg + Ag+ -----> Mg+2 + Ag
(d) KClO3 -----> KCl + O2 (with MnO2
as a catalyst)
(e) H+ + CO3-2 -----> CO2
+ H2O (or H2CO3 or HCO3-)
(f) SO3 + H2O -----> H+ + HSO4-
(g) SO4-2 + Ba+2 -----> BaSO4
(or
HSO4- + Ba+2 -----> BaSO4 +
H+)
(h) Cu+2 + NH3 -----> Cu(NH3)4+2
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