AP
Chemistry
Home Page
Solutions
Home Page
Problem Set
Free Response Question
Multiple Choice Questions
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Topics,
Projects, and References
Topics
Projects
References
Topics
Topics related to the behavior of solutions occur in a variety of places
in the outline of topics.
The following topics are listed under Structure
of Matter
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Binding forces
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Types
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Ionic
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Covalent
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Metallic
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Hydrogen bonding
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van der Waals (including London dispersion forces)
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Relationships to states, structure, and properties of matter
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Relation of properties to structure
The following topics are listed under Solutions in
States of
Matter
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Types of solutions and factors affecting solubility
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Methods of expressing concentration (The use of normalities is not tested.)
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Raoult's law and colligative properties (nonvolatile solutes); osmosis
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Non-ideal behavior (qualitative aspects)
The summary of calculations
in the AP Course Outline includes calculations of the following
types:
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Empirical and molecular formulas from experimental data
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Molar masses from freezing-point and boiling-point measurements
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Mole fractions; molar and molal solutions
These topics are covered in the Solutions chapter of many general chemistry
texts. In other texts the material is scattered. For example, intermolecular
forces (van der Waals forces) may appear in chapters on solids and/or liquids.
Top
Projects
Review the necessary material from a general chemistry text of your
choosing and
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Complete the problem
set.
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Create a new
free response question similar to an AP essay question based on information
drawn from one of the web sites provided. Post the question and answer
on the CHM 599 list server.
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Create two
new multiple choice questions and post the questions and answers.
Examples of AP essays and problems can
be found on the web sites on the ChemTeam
page.
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References
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Questions and answers about Olestra. (Vitamin solubility in fats
is one tie to solutions.)
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Other Olestra sites, one government, one negative, one commercial.
(These sites also make an interesting study of how selected science can
be used to support a perspective.)
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An introduction to supercritical fluids and their uses.
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A discussion of solubilities in "Black Smokers" and other sea floor vents.
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Simulation of the molecular behavior in a solution and during the process
of osmosis.
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A reverse osmosis drinking water system for the home.
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Discussion of a commercial reverse osmosis system for water purification.
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Experiments with Gases, solubility vs temperature
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A graph of the solubility of carbon dioxide in water vs temperature.
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