AP
Chemistry
Home Page
Thermodynamics Home Page
Problem Set
Free Response
Question
Multiple Choice
Questions
Spreadsheet Problem
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Topics,
Projects, and References
Topics
Projects
References
Topics
For the past
10 years each AP exam has had either a thermodynamics essay or a thermodynamics
problem.
Topics related to thermodynamics are found under Thermodynamics
in the outline of topics.
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State functions
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First law
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Enthalpy change
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Heat of formation
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Heat of reaction
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Heats of vaporization and fusion
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Hess's law
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Calorimetry
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Second law
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Entropy
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Free Energy
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Free energy of formation
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Free energy of reaction
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Dependence of change in free energy on enthalpy and entropy changes
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Relationship of change in free energy to equilibrium constants and electrode
potentials
The summary of Calculations
in the outline of topics includes thermodynamic and thermochemical
calculations
Top
Projects
Review the necessary material from a general chemistry text of your
choosing and
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Complete the problem
set.
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Create two new
free response questions similar to an AP essay question based on information
drawn from one of the web sites provided. Post the question and answer
on the CHM 599 list server.
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Create two
new multiple choice questions and post the questions and answers.
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Optional Project: Use a spreadsheet
program to manipulate a set of data and draw conclusions.
Examples of AP essays and problems can
be found on the web sites on the ChemTeam
page.
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References
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CHEMISTRY WEBBOOK - National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
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Very extensive. Includes:
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Thermochemical data; (Enthalpy of formation; Enthalpy
of combustion; Heat capacity; Entropy; Phase transition enthalpies and
temperatures; & Vapor pressure)
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Heat of reaction data for over 3,000 reactions
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IR spectra and mass spectra
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Ion energetics data (Ionization energy; Appearance energy; Proton affinity
& Gas basicity)
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Thermophysical property data (Density, Specific volume, Cp, Cv, Enthalpy,
Internal energy, Entropy, Speed of sound in) for Water, Nitrogen, Oxygen,
Carbon Dioxide, Methane, Ethane, Propane, Helium, Ammonia, and 3 Freons.
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http://webbook.nist.gov/chemistry/
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The program REACTION calculates changes in the thermochemical functions
(H, G, V, S, Cp, A) for a species, a group of species, or for a chemical
reaction. Contains sample calculations.
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The following link to a NASA abstract that identifies one way thermodynamics
is used in the space program.
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The origin of the Celsius temperature scale and difficulties in calibrating
a thermometer.
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Calories and fat grams for various foods. Remember 1 nutritional
Calorie = 1000 thermochemical calories.
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The Second Law of thermodynamics, a Java simulation. The "Instructions"
contain a great deal of information and describe a mechanical model of
entropy.
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Monomethylhydrazine is used in the Space Shuttle as a manuvering fuel.
See the Preface of this link for background and click on the Table of Contents
to get to Appendix B which contains the thermodynamic data.
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Hydrazine is also used in the space program. Appendix B contains
the thermodynamic information.
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Solubility of fertilizers and qualitative heat of solution
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Information on recycling of aluminum. Includes information that can
be used to ask for energy equivalents.
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Preparation of a ton of aluminum for use in a space colony from the ore.
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Design for power production in a space craft to be built in 2300AD.
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Buffer pH vs temperature. Calculate
 H, S.,
and G
from a graph of ln K vs 1/T.
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A challenging, multipart thermochemistry problem based on the combustion
of charcoal in liquid oxygen with answers. (If you have not seen the video
on Gobel's web site, check it out.)
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A thermodynamics problem set with answers.
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